what does a oral surgeon do

3 min read 27-12-2024

Oral and maxillofacial surgeons are highly specialized dentists who diagnose and treat a wide range of conditions affecting the mouth, jaws, and face. They perform complex surgical procedures, often requiring extensive training and expertise beyond that of a general dentist. This article explores the diverse roles and responsibilities of these crucial members of the healthcare team.

The Scope of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Oral and maxillofacial surgeons, often shortened to OMS, handle a vast array of surgical procedures. Their expertise encompasses several key areas:

1. Impacted Wisdom Teeth Removal:

One of the most common procedures performed by oral surgeons is the removal of impacted wisdom teeth. These teeth, often trapped beneath the gum line or angled incorrectly, can cause pain, infection, and damage to adjacent teeth. Oral surgeons possess the specialized skills and tools necessary for safe and effective wisdom teeth extraction. They may employ various techniques, including surgical extraction for particularly difficult cases.

2. Dental Implants:

Dental implants are artificial tooth roots that provide a stable foundation for replacement teeth. Oral surgeons are often involved in the placement of dental implants, requiring precise surgical skill to integrate the implant into the jawbone. They work closely with restorative dentists to complete the process and ensure a successful outcome. This often involves bone grafting procedures to prepare the site for implant placement.

3. Orthognathic Surgery (Jaw Surgery):

For individuals with significant jaw misalignment (malocclusion), orthognathic surgery may be necessary. This complex procedure involves repositioning the jaws to correct bite problems, improve facial aesthetics, and enhance overall function. Oral surgeons plan and execute these surgeries, often collaborating with orthodontists to achieve optimal results.

4. Treatment of Oral and Maxillofacial Trauma:

Oral surgeons play a vital role in managing facial injuries resulting from accidents or trauma. They repair fractures of the jaw, facial bones, and other structures, reconstructing damaged tissues and restoring functionality. This often requires advanced surgical techniques and the use of specialized materials.

5. Cleft Palate and Lip Repair:

Oral surgeons are often involved in the surgical repair of cleft lip and palate, congenital birth defects that affect the development of the mouth and face. These procedures require a high degree of precision and skill to achieve optimal aesthetic and functional outcomes. They often work collaboratively with plastic surgeons and other specialists.

6. Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) Disorders:

The temporomandibular joint connects the jaw to the skull. Disorders of this joint can cause pain, clicking, and limited jaw movement. Oral surgeons diagnose and manage these conditions, employing various treatment options, including medications, splints, and in some cases, surgery.

7. Oral Pathology and Diagnosis:

Oral surgeons are trained to diagnose and treat various oral diseases and conditions. They conduct biopsies, remove tumors, and manage other oral pathologies. They often work with pathologists to ensure accurate diagnoses.

8. Maxillofacial Prosthetics:

In cases of significant facial trauma or defects, oral surgeons may collaborate with prosthodontists to create custom-made prostheses to restore facial form and function.

How to Find an Oral Surgeon

Finding a qualified oral surgeon is crucial for ensuring safe and effective treatment. Look for board-certified specialists with extensive experience in the specific procedure you need. Check online reviews, ask for referrals from your general dentist, and thoroughly discuss your treatment options before making a decision.

Conclusion: The Expertise of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons

Oral and maxillofacial surgeons are essential healthcare providers offering specialized surgical expertise for a wide range of conditions affecting the mouth, jaws, and face. Their complex procedures often require advanced surgical techniques and a deep understanding of facial anatomy. Choosing a qualified and experienced oral surgeon is vital for achieving optimal outcomes and ensuring patient safety. Remember to research your options carefully before proceeding with any surgical procedure.