what can you hunt with a 20 gauge shotgun

2 min read 27-12-2024

what can you hunt with a 20 gauge shotgun

The 20 gauge shotgun is a popular choice for many hunters, offering a good balance of power, weight, and versatility. Its lighter recoil makes it ideal for younger or smaller shooters, while still packing enough punch for a variety of game. But what exactly can you hunt with a 20 gauge? Let's explore the possibilities.

Game Suitable for a 20 Gauge Shotgun

The 20 gauge's effectiveness depends heavily on the type of ammunition used and the range to the target. Generally, it's well-suited for smaller to medium-sized game.

Small Game Hunting:

Squirrels: A 20 gauge is perfectly capable of harvesting squirrels, especially at closer ranges. Use appropriate shot sizes like #6 or #4.
Rabbits: Similar to squirrels, a 20 gauge is effective at taking rabbits. Again, smaller shot sizes are preferred.
Dove: Doves are a popular small game target, and a 20 gauge with appropriate shot (like #7 1/2 or #8) is a fine choice.
Quail: These birds require precise shots, but a 20 gauge can be successfully used with the right ammunition.
Pheasants: While some might prefer a larger gauge for pheasants, especially at longer ranges, a 20 gauge can be effective, especially with improved cylinder or modified chokes.

Upland Game Birds:

Grouse: A 20 gauge is a suitable choice for hunting grouse, offering a good balance of power and manageable recoil. Shot size selection is key for effective hunting.
Woodcock: Similar to grouse, a 20 gauge is capable of harvesting woodcock, though accuracy is vital at the distances often involved.

Waterfowl (with limitations):

Ducks (Smaller species): A 20 gauge can be used for smaller ducks like teal or wood ducks at closer ranges. However, for larger ducks like mallards or Canada geese, a larger gauge (12 gauge) is generally recommended for increased stopping power.
Geese (with limitations): Hunting geese with a 20 gauge is challenging and requires specialized, high-powered ammunition and very close ranges. It's not the ideal choice for most goose hunting situations.

Big Game Hunting (with limitations and caveats):

While not ideal, some experienced hunters use a 20 gauge for small deer or hogs at extremely close ranges. This is generally not recommended due to ethical hunting considerations. Proper shot placement is absolutely crucial, and a miss can lead to a wounded animal. A larger caliber firearm is significantly preferred for ethical and safe hunting of larger game.

Choosing the Right Ammunition

Ammunition selection is crucial for success. The shot size you use will greatly impact your effectiveness. Smaller shot sizes are ideal for smaller game, while larger shot sizes may be necessary for larger birds or waterfowl. Also, consider the type of shot (e.g., steel, lead, or bismuth) as certain types are better suited for specific game.

Important Considerations for Ethical Hunting

Regardless of the game you're pursuing, ethical hunting practices are paramount. This includes:

Shot Placement: Always aim for a vital area to ensure a quick and humane kill.
Range: Understand the limitations of your firearm and ammunition. Don't take shots beyond your effective range.
Game Identification: Be absolutely certain of your target before you shoot.
Following up on Wounded Game: If you wound an animal, track it diligently and dispatch it humanely.

Conclusion: The Versatile 20 Gauge

The 20 gauge shotgun offers a versatile platform for many hunting scenarios. While it might not be the ideal choice for all situations, especially larger game, its manageable recoil and effectiveness make it a popular choice for various small and medium-sized game animals and birds. Remember to always choose the right ammunition and prioritize ethical hunting practices to ensure a safe and successful hunt.